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The Power of XProc: Converting CSV Files to XML
I've been writing about XProc, the XML Processing Language, for some time, but until recently have had very few chances to actually do anything with it. Overall, I like processing pipelines of any sort - they work surprisingly well for the kind of workflows that XML tends to lend itself to, which is one of the reasons that XProc has excited me as much as it has - it's a language that's intended to generalize XML processing pipelines, and to use them for fairly sophisticated processing.
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On Intelligent File Systems, XQuery and the Cloud
Cloud computing has largely passed through it's hype phase - that period where all kinds of magical characteristics are applied to it because no one really knows that much about it, and is shifting to the real world scenarios where people are actually building clouds and finding the limitations therein (and the cycle goes through the Trough of Despair).
Despite this incipient skeptical phase, there are some significant reasons to think hard about the combination of cloud computing and XML Databases, especially those such as MarkLogic or eXist-db that combine the database with a web app server. There are many ways of using such servers, though I believe one of the most powerful is to use a RESTful Services approach in conjunction with URL rewriting in order to create intelligent file systems.
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Common XQuery mistakes
Michael Kay recently covered common mistakes made using XSLT, which made me think it maybe useful to do the same treatment with XQuery. A lot of the points Michael Kay raised in his article also directly applies to XQuery, that is:
- new users struggle working with trees
- new users typically misunderstand impact of side effects from the usage of external functions
- new users consistently have issues with matching elements with namespaces
In no particular order of importance I present the most common errors I see users make when learning XQuery.
FLWOR must be obeyed
There is a whole class of mistakes related to developers insisting on using the FLWR structure in a free form way, that is use For, Let, Where, Order or Return in any kind of order.
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Package Repository in eXist XML Database
Over the past few weeks I have created and committed to eXist /trunk a new core extension for the eXist XML database which provides developers with the ability to manage external packages/dependencies.
If you have worked with other package management systems, like:
- rpm
- aptitude / apt get / dpkg / yum
- CPAN Perl modules / PAR
- Python eggs
- Ruby gems
- PHP Pear
then you should understand the goal of package management within eXist, e.g. make it easy for developers to create and distribute reusable components. This has been a percolating topic for the past year in the XML world and, in my opinion, can't come soon enough. Florent Georges is spearheading the charge here and I thank him for his work on EXPath, as well as his continuing contribution to eXist.
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A Tale of Two Webs
Editor Note: This was first publishing Nov. 23, 2009.
And no. I'm not going to start out with "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times". But I will tell you what kind of time it was.
It was a big damn Gold Rush.
As gold rushes tend to do, it made a mess of a lot of things; some got rich and most didn't, and those who were already wealthy figured out how to take advantage of the situation. And there's one other major thing that gold rushes do: they tend to tilt balances.
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Discrete Resource: a definition in support of XRX
Editor Note: This was first published on Nov. 23, 2009.
Here at XML Today there is a strong and laudable push to promote XRX architecture. However, the very loosely defined REST architectural style leaves us a little short on best practice recommendations.
REST is usually presented as "Many nouns, few verbs," with the assumption that, because we know the verbs inside and out, we're going to save time and write simpler code. But really, we don't - we can't - know all of the HTTP verbs as thoroughly as we'd like.
Grappling with that particular problem yields one very basic architectural concept, the Discrete Resource. The characteristics of the Discrete Resource follow pretty naturally from consideration of the HTTP methods GET, PUT, and DELETE.
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IT’s Effects on the Evolution of the Job Market
Editor Note: This was first published on May 31, 2010.
Some time ago I tweeted on the observation that Information Technologies tend to be destructive to jobs overall, and was rather surprised at the number of responses I received to that comment. As I've found that trying to argue a thesis that broad over Twitter can be an exercise in Haiku minimalism, the post came into being to explain a bit more my thinking here, and to suggest that IT's influences are THE primary engine driving the nature of work in the 21st century.
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XML Database Security and Recovery
Editor Note: This was originally published Feb. 10, 2010.
Over the weekend, a client of mine was hacked, part of what seems to have been a broad, rootkit based attack that took out a number of sites in what appeared to be prep work for zombification of servers for spam delivery. I won't give out the details of this particular incident, as we're still trying to figure out the exact exploit, but it brought to light a few facets of emergency preparedness that should be thought about when dealing with XML databases in particular.
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Creating a File Upload Widget for eXist and XQuery
Editor Note: This was originally published 30 October 2009.
One of the more problematic issues involved with working with XML Databases is what may seem to be relatively simple - getting files into the database in the first place. This was one of the challenges that was put to me by Dan McCreary for a series of open source applications that he's developing around the eXist XML database as part of his efforts with Syntactica. While you can use WebDAV (and in general probably should for production level work), a generalized file uploader web app is also possible, and serves to illustrate how you can actually create some very powerful tools with application vendor augmented XQuery. Note that the examples given here are all built around the eXist-db XML Database. It's definitely possible to do similar applications using the MarkLogic database, though I'll leave this as an exercise for a future article.
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XML Today Returns
... and we're back.
XML Today has been an exercise in discovering the limits of what PHP can do in handling content management systems. This site has run under Drupal and (very briefly) Joomla, and after having the last couple of months of content wiped out by an errant database error during a system upgrade on the previous system, it seemed like a good time to give WordPress a try.
The mission remains (more or less) the same ... cover what's going on in the XML Community, explore evolving technologies such as XQuery, XProc and the Semantic Web, and provide help and discussion about the technical and developmental aspects of XML.